treattek

Elephant
Bibliographic
Database

HOME

Who We Are

What We Do

What You Can Do!
Professional Info
Bulletin Board

    Elephant
    Bibliographic
         Database

Ele. Formulary

    Protocols,
       Manuals,
       Standards General Info

Conservation &
Conflict

Image Gallery

Links

...

Return to Database Index
Click here if you need help searching

Treatment Techniques

(The following additional keywords have been used to categorize articles within this section and may assist your search.)

acupuncture, aerosol, blood transfusion, cryotherapy, euthanasia, fluid therpay, homeopathy, inhalation, pain management, treatment techniques, vaccine

Elephant Bibliographic Database
www.elephantcare.org

References Updated October 2007

1. Bechert U. and Christensen J.M. 2007. Pharmacokinetics of orally administered ibuprofen in African and Asian elephants (Loxodonta africana and Elephas maximus).Zoo Wildl Med 38: 258-268.

2. Bertschinger H., Delsink A., Kirkpatrick J.F. et al. 2006. Management of elephant populations in private South African game reserves with porcine zona pellucida vaccine. 2006 Proceedings American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, pp. 283-285.

3. Delsink A.K., van Alten J.J., Grobler D. et al. 2006. Regulation of a small, discrete African elephant population through immunocontraception in the Makalali Conservancy, Limpopo, South Africa.South African Journal of Science 102: 403-405.

4. Fraunfelder F.T., Finnegan M. and Wilson D.J. 2006. Conjunctival-corneal intraepithelial neoplasm in an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus).Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 37: 424-426.

5. Isaza R., Davis R.D., Moore S.M. and Briggs D.J. 2006. Results of vaccination of Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) with monovalent inactivated rabies vaccine.Am J Vet Res.

6. Weidner E.B., Isaza R., Galle L.E., Barrie K. and Lindsay W.A. 2006. Medical management of a corneal stromal abscess in a female Asisan elephant (Elephas maximus).Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 37: 397-400.

7. Zuba J.R., Oosterhuis J.E. and Pessier A.P. 2006. The toenail "abscess" in elephants: treatment options including cryotherapy and pathologic similarities with equine proliferative pododermatitis (canker). 2006 Proceedings American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, pp. 187-190.

8. Delves P.J. and Roitt I.M. 2005. Vaccines for the control of reproduction--status in mammals, and aspects of comparative interest.Dev Biol (Basel) 121: 265-273.

9. Duvivier D.H., Votion D., Vandenput S. and Lekeux P. 2005. Aerosol therapy in equine species.The Veterinary Journal 154: 189-202.

10. Ingram L.M., Isaza R., Koch D.E. and Hunter R.P. 2005. Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and intramuscular butorphanol in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). 2005 Proceedings AAZV, AAWV, AZA Nutrition Advisory Group, pp. 70-71.

11. Naz R.K., Gupta S.K., Gupta J.C., Vyas H.K. and Talwar A.G. 2005. Recent advances in contraceptive vaccine development: a mini-review.Hum Reprod 20: 3271-3283.

12. Pandey R. and Khuller G.K. 2005. Antitubercular inhaled therapy: opportunities, progress and challenges.Journal of Antimicrobial Therapy 55: 430-435.

13. Panzer R. 2005. Traditional Chinese veterinary medical therapy. In: Colahan PT, Merritt AM, Moore JN and Mayhew IG (eds), Equine Medicine and Surgery pp. 201-208. Mosby, St. Louis MO USA.

14. Rush E.M., Brawner W.R., Ogburn A.L., Marshall A. and Hathcock J.T. 2005. Comparison of radiographs versus computed tomography evaluation of the distal limb in an Asian elephant. 2005 Proceedings AAZV, AAWV, AZA Nutrition Advisory Group, pp. 68-69.

15. Weissengruber G.E., Egerbacher M. and Forstenpointner G. 2005. Structure and innervation of the tusk pulp in the African elephant (Loxodonta africana).J Anat 206: 387-393.

16. Xie H., Colahan P. and Ott E.A. 2005. Evaluation of electroacupuncture treatment of horses with signs of chronic thoracolumbar pain.Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 227: 281-286.

17. Principles of validation of diagnostic assays for infectious diseases. 2004.
Ref Type: Electronic Citation

18. Isaza R. and Hunter R.P. 2004. Drug delivery to captive Asian elephants - treating goliath.Current Drug Delivery 1: 291-298.

19. Priyadarshini S. 2004. Hastiayurveda - an ancient treatise on elephant health care.Science India 7: 79-81.

20. Sarma K.K. 2004. Extraction of decayed tusk in elephants.Indian Veterinary Journal 81: 812-814.

21. Seidon A. and Hine E.A.S. 2004. Acupuncture treatment on a female Asian elephant with trunk paralysis.Science India 9 and 10: 82-85.

22. Singleton C., Ramer J. and Proudfoot J. 2004. Use of unpasteurized honey for treatment of a deeply infected wound in an African elephant (Loxodonta africana). 2004 PROCEEDINGS AAZV, AAWV, WDA JOINT CONFERENCE, pp. 622-624.

23. Xie H. 2004. How to use acupuncture for elephants. The North American Veterinary Conference, pp. 1457-1458.

24. Bechert U., Christensen J.M. and Finnegan M. 2003. Pharmacokinetics of orally administered ibuprofen in elephants. Proc Amer Assoc Zoo Vet, pp. 84-85.

25. Hunter R.P., Isaza R. and Koch D.E. 2003. Oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetic characteristics of ketoprofen enantiomers after oral and intravenous administration in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus).American Journal of Veterinary Research 64: 109-114.

26. Ollivet-Courtois F., Lecu A., Yates R.A. and Spelman L.H. 2003. Treatment of a sole abscess in an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) using regional digital intravenous perfusion.Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 34: 292-295.

27. Pitts N.I. and Mitchell G. 2003. In vitro succinylcholine hydrolysis in plasma of the African elephant (Loxodonta africana) and impala (Aepyceros melampus).Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-Toxicology and Pharmacology. 134: 123-129.

28. Pitts N.I. and Mitchell G. 2003. In vitro succinylcholine hydrolysis in plasma of the African elephant (Loxodonta africana) and impala (Aepyceros melampus).Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 134: 123-129.

29. Rehman A. 2003. Disease control program of elephants. In: Das D (ed), Healthcare, Breeding and Management of Asian Elephants pp. 152-156. Project Elephant. Govt. of India, New Delhi.

30. Schmitt D.L. 2003. Proboscidea (Elephants). In: Fowler ME and Miller RE (eds), Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine pp. 541-550. Elsevier Science USA.

31. Steiner M., Gould A.R., Clark T.J. and Burns R. 2003. Induced elephant (Loxodonta africana) tusk removal.Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 34: 93-95.

32. Benkirane A. and de Alwis M.C.L. 2002. Haemorrhagic septicaemia, its significance, prevention and control in Asia.Vet.Med.-Czech 47: 234-240.

33. Delsink A.K., van Altena J.J., Kirkpatrick J., Grobler D. and Fayrer-Hosken R.A. 2002. Field applications of immunocontraception in African elephants (Loxodonta africana).Reprod Suppl 60: 117-124.

34. Naveen P.K. 2002. Homeopathy in elephant practice.Journal of Indian Veterinary Association Kerala 7: 52.

35. Pitts N.I., Mitchell G. and Raath C. 2002. Succinylcholine overdose in the African elephant (Loxodonta africana) and impala (Aepyceros melampus): pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and physiological responses.South African Journal of Science 98: 581-588.

36. Pitts N.I. and Mitchell G. 2002. Pharmacokinetics and effects of succinylcholine in African elephant (Loxodonta africana) and impala (Aepyceros melampus).Eur J Pharm Sci 15: 251-260.

37. Sanchez C.R., Murray S.Z., Montali R.J. and Spelman L.H. 2002. Medical Management of Acute Pylelonephritis in an Asian Elephant. In: Baer CK (ed), American Association of Zoo Veterinarians Annual Conference, 2002, pp. 162-164.

38. Schaftenaar W. 2002. Use of vaccination against foot and mouth disease in zoo animals, endangered species and exceptionally valuable animals.Rev.sci.tech.Off.int.Epiz. 21: 613-623.

39. White S.D. and Evans A.G. 2002. Hypersensitivity disorders. In: Smith BP (ed), Large Animal Internal Medicine pp. 1202-1207. Mosby, St.Louis.

40. 2001. The Elephant's Foot: Prevention and Care of Foot Conditions in Captive Asian and African Elephants. Iowa State University Press, Ames,Iowa, USA, pp.1-163.

41. Delsink A.K., van Altena J.J., Kirkpatrick J., Grobler D. and Fayrer-Hosken R. 2001. Field applications of immunocontraception in African elephants (Loxodonta africana). Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Fertility Control in Wildlife, August, 2001, Society for Reproduction and Fertility; Cambridge; UK.

42. Fowler M.E. 2001. Elephant foot care: concluding remarks. In: Csuti B, Sargent EL and Bechert US (eds), The Elephant's Foot pp. 147-149. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, USA.

43. Gage L. 2001. Treatment of osteomyelitis in elephant feet. In: Csuti B, Sargent EL and Bechert US (eds), The Elephant's Foot pp. 117-118. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, USA.

44. Gibson K. and Flanagan J.P. 2001. Ouch, do that again! Treatment of chronic nail infections in an Asian bull elephant using protected contact. In: Csuti B, Sargent EL and Bechert US (eds), The Elephant's Foot pp. 87-88. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, USA.

45. Hinke A. and Wipplinger J. 2001. A Severe Case of Pox Disease in Two Asian Elephants (Elephas maximus) of a Small Travelling Circus Overwintering Near Erfurt. A Research Update on Elephants and Rhinos; Proceedings of the International Elephant and Rhino Research Symposium, Vienna, June 7-11, 2001, 2001, pp. 53-56. Schuling Verlag, Vienna, Austria.

46. Hinke A. and Wipplinger J. 2001. A Case of Molar Anomalie in an Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus). A Research Update on Elephants and Rhinos; Proceedings of the International Elephant and Rhino Research Symposium, Vienna, June 7-11, 2001, 2001, p. 264. Schuling Verlag, Vienna, Austria.

47. Houser D., Simmons L.G. and Armstrong D.L. 2001. Treatment of an abscessed footpad of an African elephant (Loxodonta africana) using a sandal and topically applied chitosan. In: Csuti B, Sargent EL and Bechert US (eds), The Elephant's Foot pp. 107-113. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, USA.

48. Hughes J. and Southard M. 2001. Elephant Foot Care for an Asian Elephant at Mesker Park Zoo and Botanic Garden. In: Csuti B, Sargent EL and Bechert US (eds), The Elephant's Foot pp. 73-77. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, USA.

49. Lekeux, P. and Duvivier, D. H. Aerosol therapy. IVIS . 2001.
Ref Type: Electronic Citation

50. McLelland D., Kirkpatrick J.F., Rose K. and Dixon R. 2001. Studies on encephalomycarditis virus (EMCV) in a zoologic context. AAZV,AAWV,ARAV,NAZWV Joint Conf, p. 337.

51. Seidon A. 2001. Procedure for nail reconstruction and treatment for an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus). In: Csuti B, Sargent EL and Bechert US (eds), The Elephant's Foot pp. 89-91. Iowa State University Press, Iowa State University Press.

52. Sorensen D. 2001. A History of Elephant Foot Care at the Milwaukee County Zoo. In: Csuti B, Sargent EL and Bechert US (eds), The Elephant's Foot pp. 65-68. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, USA.

53. West G. 2001. Occurrence and treatment of nail/foot abscesses, nail cracks, and sole abscesses in captive elephants. In: Csuti B, Sargent EL and Bechert US (eds), The Elephant's Foot pp. 93-97. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, USA.

54. Woodle K., Kepes T. and Doyle C. 2001. Making a protective boot for an Asian elephant. In: Csuti B, Sargent EL and Bechert US (eds), The Elephant's Foot pp. 103-106. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa, USA.

55. Barber M.R. and Fayrer-Hosken R.A. 2000. Possible mechanisms of mammalian immunocontraception.J Reprod Immunol 46: 103-124.

56. Emanuelson K.A. and Kinzley C.E. 2000. Salmonellosis and subsequent abortion in two African elephants. Proc. AAZV and IAAAM Joint Conf., pp. 269-274.

57. Fowler M.E., Steffey E.P., Galuppo L. and Pascoe J.R. 2000. Facilitation of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) standing immobilization and anesthesia with a sling.Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 31: 118-123.

58. Hohenhaus A.E. and (Lungka G. 2000. Transfusion reactions. In: Feldman B, Zinkl JG and Jain NC (eds), Schalm's Veterinary Hematology pp. 864-868. Lippinicott, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

59. Morrisey J.K. 2000. Blood transfusions in exotic species. In: Feldman B, Zinkl JG and Jain NC (eds), Schalm's Veterinary Hematology pp. 855-860. Lippinicott, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

60. Sellon D.C. 2000. Blood transfusions in large animals. In: Feldman B, Zinkl JG and Jain NC (eds), Schalm's Veterinary Hematology pp. 849-854. Lippinicott, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

61. Spelman L., Yates R., Anikis P. and Galuppo L. 2000. Regional Digital Intravenous Perfusion in an African Elephant (Loxodonta africana). 2000 Proceedings AAZV and IAAAM Joint Conference, 2000, pp. 388-389.

62. Wardrop K.J. 2000. Clinical blood typing and crossmatching. In: Feldman B, Zinkl JG and Jain NC (eds), Schalm's Veterinary Hematology pp. 795-798. Lippinicott, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

63. 1999. Equine Medicine and Surgery. Mosby, St. Louis MO USA, pp.1-2076.

64. Backues K.A., Hil M., Palmenberg C. et al. 1999. Genetically engineered Mengo virus vaccination of multiple captive wildlife species.Journal of Wildlife Diiseases 35: 384-387.

65. Duvivier D.H., Votion D., Roberts C.A., Art T. and Lekeux P. 1999. Inhalation therapy of equine respiratory disorders.Equine Veterinary Education 11: 124-130.

66. Fayrer-Hosken R.A., Bertschinger H.J., Kirkpatrick J.F. et al. 1999. Contraceptive potential of the porcine zona pellucida vaccine in the African elephant (Loxodonta africana).Theriogenology 52: 835-846.

67. Mills N.J. 1999. The importance of wound lavage.International Veterinary Wound Management Forum 1: 2-4.

68. Moore R.M. 1999. Antiinflammatory drug therapy in horses. In: Colahan PT, Merritt AM, Moore JN and Mayhew IG (eds), Equine Medicine and Surgery pp. 155-163. Mosby, St. Louis MO USA.

69. Moore R.M. 1999. Antimicrobial therapy in horses. In: Colahan PT, Merritt AM, Moore JN and Mayhew IG (eds), Equine Medicine and Surgery pp. 163-175. Mosby, St. Louis MO USA.

70. Riddle H.S. 1999. Innovative treatment and study of a nail abscess on an Asian elephant. Fourth International Elephant Research Symposium, pp. 50-51.

71. Hunter P., Swanepoel S.P., Esterhuysen J.J. et al. 1998. The efficacy of an experimental oil-adjuvanted encephalomyocarditis vaccine in elephants, mice and pigs.Vaccine 16: 55-61.

72. Kirkpatrick J.F., Fayrer-Hosken R., Grobler D. et al. 1998. Immunocontraception of Free-Ranging African Elephants in Kruger National Park, South Africa. 1998 Proceedings AAZV and AAWV Joint Conference, 1998, pp. 434-435.

73. Molan P.C. 1998. A brief review of the use of honey as a clinical dressing.Primary Intention (The Australian Journal of Wound Management) 6: 148-158.

74. Backues K.A., Aguilar R.A., Hill M. and Palemberg A.C. 1997. A new modified live virus vaccine for encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus protection, preliminary trials at the Audubon Zoo. Proc. Amer.Assoc. of Zoo Vet, pp. 166-167.

75. Gage L.J., Blasko D. and Caton D. 1997. The use of direct contact infrared irradiation to aid the healing of pressure sores in elephants (Elephas maximus). Proceedings American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, pp. 187-189.

76. Seidel B., Wunsch U., Knaus B.U., Valentin A. and Schroder H.D. 1997. Chemotherapy of chronic, suppurative pododermatitis using an antineoplastic agent in an Asian elephant - a case report. Erkrankungen der Zootiere: Verhandlungsbericht des 38. Internationalen Symposiums uber die Erkrankungen der Zoo- und Wildtiere von 7 bis 11 Mai 1997, in Zurich, Schweiz, pp. 217-220. Berlin,Germany, Institut fuer Zoo und Wildtierforschung im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V.

77. 1996. Principles of validation of diagnostic assays for infectious diseases. Manual of Standards for Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines pp. 8-15. Office International des Epizooties (O.I.E.), Paris.

78. Emerson C.L. and Wagner J.L. 1996. Antibody responses to two encephalomyocarditis virus vaccines in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta).J Med Primatol 25: 42-45.

79. Kirkpatrick J.F., Turner J.W., Jr., Liu I.K. and Fayrer-Hosken R. 1996. Applications of pig zona pellucida immunocontraception to wildlife fertility
control.J Reprod Fertil Suppl 50: 183-189.

80. Osorio J.E., Hubbard G.B., Soike K.F. et al. 1996. Protection of non-murine mammals against encephalomyocarditis virus using a genetically engineered Mengo virus.Vaccine 14: 155-161.

81. Zheng X. and Zheng X.C. 1996. Diagnosis and preventative-therapeutic study of periarthritis in the shoulder of an Asian elephant.Chinese Journal of Zoology 31: 45-49.

82. Raath J.P. and Bengis R.G. 1995. The evaluation of a vaccine against encephalomyocarditis infection in elephants (Loxodonta africana) under controlled conditions. Proceedings, American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, Wildlife Disease Association, American Association of Wildlife Veterinarians. Joint Conference, East Lansing, Michigan, August 12-17, 1995., pp. 304-308.

83. Mikota S.K., Sargent E.L. and Ranglack G.S. 1994. Medical Management of the Elephant. Indira Publishing House, West Bloomfield MI, pp.1-298.

84. Piyadasa H.D. 1994. Traditional systems for preventing and treating animal diseases in Sri Lanka.Rev Sci Tech 13: 471-486.

85. Rengel J. and Bohnel H. 1994. Preliminary studies on oral immunization of wildlife against anthrax.Berliner-und-Munchener-Tierarztliche-Wochenschrift 107: 145-149.

86. Spelman L.H., Loomis M.R. and Davidson G.S. 1994. Intravenous antibiotic therapy in hoofstock using a portable battery-powered infusion pump. Proceedings American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, pp. 321-323.

87. Fowler M.E. 1993. Foot care in elephants. In: Fowler ME (ed), Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine Current Therapy 3 pp. 448-453. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

88. Fowler M.E. 1993. Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine Current Therapy 3. W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp.1-617.

89. Tripathy S.B. and Das P.K. 1992. Treatment of Stephanofilarial dermatitis in an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus): a case report. In: Silas EG, Nair MK and Nirmalan G (eds), The Asian Elephant: Ecology, Biology, Diseases, Conservation and Management (Proceedings of the National Symposium on the Asian Elephant held at the Kerala Agricultural University, Trichur, India, January 1989) pp. 162-163. Kerala Agricultural University, Trichur, India.

90. Cheng H.C. and Yamashiro D. 1991. Synthesis and receptor binding activity of elephant beta- endorphin, a beta-endorphin homolog with highly potent analgesic activity.International Journal of Peptide and Protein Research 38: 66-69.

91. Hoque M.M., Das A.K., Wahab M.a. and Rahman M.L. 1991. Note on the management of traumatic injuries in an elephant.Bangladesh Veterinarian 8: 82-83.

92. Wallace C., Woodle K., Doyle C. et al. 1991. Making cast metal bands for an Asian elephant's (Elephas maximus) tusks. Proc Am Assoc Zoo Vet, pp. 6-8.

93. Myszkowski J. 1990. Bandaging a toe abscess on an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus). Proc Ann Elephant workshop 11, Milwaukee WI.

94. Schanberger A., Carlson T. and Brown J. 1990. Successful treatment of chronic toenail cracks in an Asian elephant.Animal Keepers' Forum 17: 243-247.

95. Swaim S.F. and Henderson R.A. 1990. Small Animal Wound Management. Lea and Febriger.

96. Wong C.L., Wai M.-K., Cheng H.-C., Chung D. and Yamashiro D. 1990. Preliminary study on the antinociceptive effect of elephant beta-endorphin.Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 17: 33-37.

97. Hegel G.V., Hanichen T., Mahnel H. and Wiesner H. 1989. Warts (papilloma/sarcoid) in elephant.Erkrankungen der Zootiere 31: 201-205.

98. Kuntze A. 1989. Dermatopathies in elephants and their treatment.Kleintierpraxis 34: 405-415.

99. O'Sullivan T. and Easely M. 1989. Elephant hoisting: a necessity in the care of elephants. Proc.Ann.Elephant Workshop 10, pp. 41-42.

100. Vogralik V.G. and Vogralik M.V. 1988. Acupuncture. Avicenum, Praha (Prague), pp.1-351.

101. Gaskin J.M., Andresen T.L., Olsen J.H. et al. 1987. Encephalomyocarditis in zoo animals: Recent experiences with the disease and vaccination.Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Zoological and Avian Medicine: 491.

102. Fowler M.E. 1986. Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine. W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, p.iv-1127.

103. Merkt H., Ahlers D., Bader H. et al. 1986. Aftercare and recovery of a female Indian elephant after delivery of a dead fetus by episiotomy.Berl.Munch.Tierarztl.Wochenschr. 99: 329-333.

104. Wallace K. 1986. Tusk repair of an African elephant. Proc.Ann.Elephant Workshop, pp. 25-28.

105. Baxby D. 1982. The surface antigens of orthopoxviruses detected by cross-neutralization tests on cross-absorbed antisera.J Gen Virol 58 (Pt 2): 251-262.

106. Haight J., Henneous R. and Groves D. 1981. Specialized tools for elephant foot care. In: Mellen J and Littlewood A (eds), Recent developments in research and husbandry at the Washington Park Zoo pp. 71-73. Washington Park Zoo, Portland, Oregon.

107. Read B. 1981. Elephant hoisting procedures at the St. Louis Zoo. AAZPA Regional Conference Proc, pp. 326-327.

108. Hobbled but alive. The Detroit News October 23, 4A. 1980.
Ref Type: Newspaper

109. Cumbersome cast. Macomb Daily . 1980.
Ref Type: Newspaper

110. Swaim S.F. 1980. Management of contaminated and infected wounds. Surgery of Traumatized Skin pp. 119-213. W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia.

111. Obi T.U. 1978. Traumatic granuloma in an African elephant, Loxodonta africana, and its treatment with yatren-casein.East African Wildlife Journal 16: 69-71.

112. 1976. Hastividyarnava. Publication Board, Assam, India, pp.1-266.

113. Miller R.M. 1976. Use of commercially-bottled water in emergency intravenous fluid therapy for large animals.Veterinary Medicine Small Animal Clinician 71: 442-444.

114. Jainudeen M.R. and Scheurmann E. 1975. Diseases of the working elephant (Elephas maximus) in Sri Lanka (Ceylon) with special reference to diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities within the
country.Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 82: 355-359.

115. Subramaniam A. and Purushothaman S. 1975. A case of hypohyon keratitis in an elephant.Madras Veterinary College Annual 33: 15-16.

116. Gale U.T. 1974. Burmese timber elephant. Trade Corporation, Rangoon, Burma.

117. Siegel I.M. 1973. Orthotic treatment of tibiotarsal deformity in an elephant.Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 163: 544-545.

118. Gehring H., Mahnel H. and Mayer H. 1972. Elephant pox.Zentralbl.Veterinarmed.[B]. 19: 258-261.

119. Taylor G.A. 1970. Treating elephants with short-wave diathermy.Physiotherapy 56: 62-64.

120. Gopalan S. 1962. Elephants - Their Capture, Care and Management. The Manager, Publications, Government of India Press, Delhi. 8., Delhi, pp.1-45.

121. Evans G.H. 1961. Elephants and Their Diseases: A Treatise on Elephants. Government Printing, Rangoon, Burma, pp.1-323.

122. Nicholson B.D. 1956. The African elephant: How to shoot it humanely, when necessary.African Wild Life 10: 25-36.

123. Deraniyagala P.E.P. 1955. Some Extinct Elephants, Their Relatives and the Two Living Species. Ceylon National Museums publication, Government Press, National Museum, Colombo (Sri Lanka), pp.1-161.

124. Ferrier A.J. 1947. The care and management of elephants in Burma. Steel Brothers, London, pp.1-188.

125. Pfaff G. 1940. Diseases of Elephants. Superintendent, Govt. Printing and Stationary, Burma, Rangoon, pp.1-9.

126. Evans G.H. 1910. Elephants and Their Diseases: A Treatise on Elephants. Government Printing, Rangoon, Burma.

Return to Database Index

Return to Top