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Elephant Formulary © 2003-06 Susan K. Mikota DVM and Donald C. Plumb, Pharm.D. Drugs Sorted by Therapeutic Class / Indication |
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Note these abbreviations used in parentheses after the drug name:
“H” after the drug name indicates that the horse dose is listed for this drug. ”O” indicates that doses for other species are listed (horse dose unavailable but drug potentially useful for elephants) “E” indicates that information specific to elephants is listed.
Central Nervous System Drugs (including anti-inflammatories, analgesics, muscle relaxants)
CNS/Respiratory Stimulants Doxapram (H) (E)
Analgesics Narcotic Agonists Meperidine (H) (E) Morphine (H) (E) Oxymorphone (H) Narcotic agonist/antagonists Buprenorphine (H) Butorphanol (H) (E) Pentazocine (H)
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory/ Analgesic Agents Aspirin (H) Carprofen (O) DMSO (H) Flunixin (H) (E) Ibuprofen (E) Ketoprofen (H) (E) Meclofenamic Acid (H) Naproxen (H) Phenylbutazone (H) (E)
Gold Compounds Aurothioglucose (H)
Behavior-Modifying Agents Used for Elephants
Acepromazine (H) (E) Diazepem (H) (E) Haloperidol (E) Perphenazine (E) Xylazine (H) (E) Zuclopenthixol (E) Tranquilizers/Sedatives Acepromazine (H) (E) Azaperone (O) (E) Detomidine (H) Diazepam (H) (E) Haloperidol (E) Medetomidine (O) (E) Midazolam (H) Perphenazine (E) Promazine (H) (E) Tiletamine/Zolazepam (H) (E) Xylazine (H) (E)
Anesthetic Agents Barbiturates Pentobarbital (H) Thiamylal (H) Thiopental (H) (E) Inhalants Isoflurane (O) (E) Halothane (H) (E) Miscellaneous Ketamine (H) (E) Propofol (O) Xylazine (H) (E) Tiletamine/Zolazepam (H) (E)
Narcotics Carfentanil (E) Etorphine (E)
Reversal Agents Atipamezole (O) (E) Diprenorphine (E) Nalmefene (E) Naloxone (H) (E) Naltrexone (O) (E) Neostigmine (H) Tolazoline (H) (E) Yohimbine (H) (E)
Anticonvulsants Diazepam (H) (E) Phenobarbital (H) (E) Phenytoin (H)
Muscle Relaxants, Skeletal Atracurium (H) Dantrolene (H) Guaifenesin/GG (H) Methocarbamol (H) Succinylcholine (H) (E)
Muscle Relaxants, Smooth Aminopropazine (H)
Euthanasia Agent Pentobarbital/Phenytoin (H)
Cardiovascular Agents
Inotropic Agents Digoxin (H) Digitoxin (H) Dobutamine (H) (E)
Antiarrhythmic Drugs Lidocaine (H) (E) Procainamide (H) Quinidine (H)
Anticholinergics Atropine (H( (E) Glycopyrrolate (H)
Vasodilating Agents Isoxsuprine (H)
Agents Used in Treatment of Shock Dobutamine (H) (E) Epinephrine (H) (E) Isoproterenol (H) Phenylephrine (H)
Alpha-Adrenergic Blocking Agents Phenoxybenzamine (H)
Beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents Propranolol (H)
Respiratory Drugs Bronchodilators Sympathomimetics Albuterol (H) Clenbuterol (H) Epinephrine (H) Isoproterenol (H) Terbutaline (H)
Xanthines Aminophylline/Theophyll. (H)
Antihistamines Chlorpheniramine (O) (E) Diphenhydramine (H) Doxylamine (H) Hydroxyzine (H) Pyrilamine (H) Tripelennamine (H)
Antitussives Butorphanol (H) (E)
Renal and Urinary Tract Diuretics Loop Diuretics Furosemide (H) (E) Osmotic Diuretics Mannitol (H)
Agents for Urinary Incontinence/Retention Phenoxybenzamine (H) Urinary Alkalinizers Sodium Bicarbonate (H)
Urinary Acidifiers Methionine (H) Ammonium Chloride (H)
Cholinergic Stimulants Bethanechol (H)
Agents for Urolithiasis Ammonium Chloride (H) Methionine (H)
Gastrointestinal Agents Antiemetic Agents Chlorpromazine (H) (E) Diphenhydramine (H) Metoclopramide (H) (E)
Antacids Calcium Salts, Oral (H) (E) Na Bicarbonate (H) H2 Antagonists Cimetidine (H) Famotidine (D) Ranitidine (H) Gastromucosal Protectants Sucralfate (H) Proton Pump Inhibitors Omeprazole (H)
Appetite Stimulants Diazepam (H) Oxazepam (H)
GI Antispasmodics-Anticholinergics Propantheline (H)
GI Stimulants Cisapride (H) Dexpanthenol (H) Metoclopramide (H) (E) Neostigmine (H) (E) Laxatives Saline
Saline Hyperosmotics: Magnesium Salts
/ Bulk producing Psyllium (H) Lubricant Mineral Oil (H) Surfactant Docusate (H)
Antidiarrheals Kaolin/Pectin (H) Bismuth Subsalicylate (H Clioquinol (H)
Misc. GI Drugs Bismuth Subsalicylate (H)
Hormones/Endocrine/Reproductive Agents Sex Hormones Estrogens Estradiol (H) (E)
Progestins Altrenogest (H)
Anabolic steroids Boldenone (H) Stanozolol (H)
Posterior Pituitary Hormones Oxytocics Oxytocin (H) (E)
Adrenal Cortical Steroids Corticotropin-ACTH (H) Glucocorticoids Dexamethasone (H) (E) Flumethasone (H) Hydrocortisone (H) Methylprednisolone (H) Prednisolone (H) Prednisone (H) (E) Triamcinolone (H)
Antidiabetic Agents Insulin (H)
Thyroid Drugs Thyroid Hormones Levothyroxine (H) Thyrotropin (TSH) (H) Misc. Endocrine/Reproductive Drugs Bromocriptine (H) Chorionic Gonadotropin-HCG (H) Follicle Stimulating Hormone (H) Prostaglandins Cloprostenol (H) Dinoprost (H) Fluprostenol (H)
Antiinfective Drugs Antiparasitics Albendazole (O,E) Clorsulon (O,E) Dichlorvos (H) Doramectin (O) Eprinomectin (O) Febantel (H) Fenbendazole (H,E) Fenthion (O) Furazolidone (H)
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